![]() In Colombia, cassava is one of the most cultivated food crops, with a production of approximately two million tons per year ( FAOSTAT, 2019), ensuring the subsistence of farmer families that cultivate it. Because of its tolerance to heat and water stress, cassava is thought to be resilient to climate change ( Jarvis et al., 2012 El-Sharkawy, 2014), and hence is considered a strategic food, especially in a context of human adaptation to climate change ( Burns et al., 2010). Economic losses caused by plant pathogens may affect food security, especially in food-deficit regions with fast-growing populations such as countries in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Indo-Gangetic Plain ( Savary et al., 2019).Ĭassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) is extensively cultivated all over the tropics its tuberous root is a major source of carbohydrates for hundreds of millions of people worldwide ( Lebot, 2009). It is estimated that each year already, approximately 16% of global harvest is lost due to plant diseases ( Strange and Scott, 2005). Phytosanitary problems in a context of climate change could potentially deprive humanity of up to 82% of the attainable yield ( Chakraborty and Newton, 2011). Root crops are particularly concerned by yield reduction compared to cereals under drought conditions ( Daryanto et al., 2017). ![]() It will become even more difficult to overcome these challenges, knowing that pest attacks are projected to decrease the yield of major grain crops by 10 to 25% per degree Celsius of warming ( Deutsch et al., 2018). Our data show that (i) according to the risks perceived by farmers, CBB is the main disease affecting cassava crops in the village and it could indeed be detected in about half of the fields visited (ii) CBB occurrence depends strongly on land property issues, likely because of an inadequate phytosanitary control during acquisition of cuttings when farmers are forced to rent the land and (iii) there is a strong positive correlation between the use of commercial fertilizers and the occurrence of CBB in the village of Villa López.Īgriculture today is faced with a double challenge: coping with the impacts of climate change and reducing chemical inputs. Cassava Bacterial Blight was diagnosed in the field and the presence of Xpm was further confirmed upon laboratory analysis of collected diseased leaf samples. Semi-structured interviews (48) were conducted with all farmers who cultivated cassava to document individual sociodemographic characteristics, cassava farming practices, and perceptions about CBB occurrence. In 2016, we analyzed the role of sociocultural and agricultural practices on CBB prevalence in small-scale fields of a village of the Colombian Caribbean region, where farmers live almost exclusively from the sale of their cassava production. manihotis ( Xpm) that leads to irreversible damage to plants, impeding growth and productivity. Among the latter is Cassava Bacterial Blight (CBB), a disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. ![]() In Colombia, the Caribbean region contributes about half of the national cassava production, despite major socioeconomic constraints such as unequal land property, omnipresence of middlemen, low and unstable prices, armed conflict, climate change and phytosanitary issues. ![]() Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, FranceĬassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a primary crop for food security of millions of people worldwide. ![]() Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, Lille, France
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